A commentary on current approaches to forest population genetics

Some of the most frequently chosen approaches to forest population genetics as reflected in the present volume are discussed, and some topics possibly deserving more attention are addressed. Among the first are studies of self-fertilization as a characteristic of forest tree mating systems, gene markers as indicators of adaptive or phylogenetic differentiation, and methodological aspects of the measurement of genetic differentiation. The latter mainly concern generalizable methods of analysis and the involvement of gene markers in the determination of mating systems, detection of mechanisms of frequency dependent selection, and the incorporation of genetic profiles (characteristics of frequency distributions of genetic types) into population genetic analysis.     

Early height development and species stratification across five climax series in the eastern Washington Cascade range

Reconstruction in twenty single-cohort stands across five climax series on the eastern slope of the Washington Cascade Range found a variety of species combinations and development patterns. Western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud) were found to be very competitive species that usually occupied a dominant position in stands in the Abies grandis, Abies lasiocarpa, and Tsuga mertensiana climax series. Interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Mirb.) Franco) was found in all five climax series and, although its height growth was less than that of western larch or the lodgepole pine, it was usually found in the upper stratum. These results suggest that site classification based on climax potential should be used cautiously when applied to young stand management decisions regarding seral species. For example, the difference between an Abies grandis, and a Tsuga mertensiana climax series is quite large in terms of potential productivity but in either case western larch, if present, will likely dominate these stands.     

雷竹四季出笋高效经营技术研究

对竹园地进行温、肥、水条件的调节控制试验结果表明：在温度适宜、养分充足、水分满足的情况下,竹园竹林一年四季都能出笋,并能在1～2月市场最高价时大量出笋,每公顷鲜笋产量达23.048t,产值达283574.80元,提高了竹林的经济效益。     

胡柚花芽分化观察

用冰冻切片法观察胡柚花芽分化各阶段的形态特征．胡柚花芽分化从１２月中旬开始到次年４月中旬结束，可分为６个时期，历时１２０ｄ左右。花芽分化和物候期存在一定的相关性．刚进入盛果期的胡柚，其春梢结果母枝的各节位均能分化花芽，主要集中在其顶端的第１￣第４节位上．     

Sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) analysis on DNA from the three medicinal Echinacea species

In our previous study, RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) analysis revealed species-specific markers for three medicinal Echinacea species (Asteraceae): E. angustifolia DC., E. pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. and E. purpurea (L.) Moench. In the present work, we have converted a RAPD marker (750 bp) for E. purpurea into a SCAR (Sequence Characterized Amplified Region) marker. SCAR-PCR, in fact, revealed the expected amplicon (330 bp) only in E. purpurea and not in the other two species, giving further evidence for differences in medicinal Echinacea spp. genome and confirming a greater similarity between E. pallida and angustifolia.     

大学生日常活动的时空特征研究——以酃湖大学城为例

以衡阳大学城的两所高校衡阳师范学院和湖南工学院为例,开展了在校大学生的日常活动调研,探讨了其日常活动的时间特征和空间特征。结果发现:在时间上,周一至周五,大学生日常活动具有时间上的重叠性和活动方式的确定性以及活动区位的固定性;周六周日或节假日,大学生的日常活动则呈现出较大的差异。在空间上,周一至周五,大学生的活动空间具有局限性;到了周末,其活动范围有所扩大,不同活动类型也会有不同的活动空间。     

陕西省1980-2006年气候变化时空特征研究

基于陕西省1980-2006年97个气象站点地面观测的降水和气温数据分析近27年陕西省气候变化的时空特征。结果表明：（1）陕西省年平均气温和降水量空间分布格局均呈随纬度增加而逐步减少,陕西省南部水热条件明显好于北部。（2）近27年来陕西省年平均气温上升趋势明显,平均每年上升0.0566℃,陕北增温幅度略高于陕南;降水量...     

延安市土地利用程度评价及政策建议

基于土地利用变更数据,采用改进后刘纪远土地利用程度综合指数模型,分别从总体评价、地域分异规律研究、时间序列研究等3个方面对延安市土地利用程度进行全面评价。结果显示：总体而言,2007年全市及其各区县土地利用程度都低于全省平均水平;地域分异规律方面,土地利用程度呈现出纬度和垂直分异规律,没有呈现出明显的经度分异规律,且随...     

甘肃省水旱灾害时空分布特征及其与粮食产量的关系

全球变暖的背景下,气象灾害呈明显上升趋势,极端干旱事件频繁发生,给农业生产造成严重损失.水旱灾害是对农业生产产生影响最直接、最经常性的灾害类型,其与农业产量关系的研究可为农业生产、防灾减灾、粮食安全评估等提供基础的科学依据.文中以我国西北甘肃省为例,根据1985-2007年全省水旱灾害受灾面积、成灾面积、粮食产量数据,...     

新疆南部棉区转Bt基因棉花Bt杀虫蛋白表达规律研究

为研究新疆南部植棉区转Bt基因棉花Bt杀虫蛋白时空表达规律,本文利用ELISA技术于2009年和2010年对南疆种植的转Bt基因棉花‘中棉所41’、‘中棉所43’、‘236’、‘K9030’、‘T3’、‘中棉所44’、‘中棉所45’、‘K7’和‘SGK321’各生育期中不同器官中的Bt杀虫蛋白含量进行测定。结果发现：在时间表达上,大多数转Bt基因棉花叶片的Bt杀虫蛋白含量随着棉花发育进程而逐渐下降,在子叶期含量最高,至蕾期或吐絮期达到最低点。并且不同品种间Bt杀虫蛋白含量差异显著。在空间表达上,在花铃期,棉铃和花苞叶的Bt杀虫蛋白含量最低,大多数品种表现为叶片＞棉蕾＞花瓣（花柱）＞棉铃和花苞叶。